七夕节英语作文：七夕情人节习俗

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这是最早的乞巧方式，始于汉，流于后世。《西京杂记》说：“汉彩女常以七月七日穿七孔针于开襟楼，人具习之。”南朝梁宗谋《荆楚岁时记》说：“七月七日，是夕人家妇女结彩楼穿七孔外，或以金银愉石为针。”《舆地志》说：“齐武帝起层城观，七月七日，宫人多登之穿针。世谓之穿针楼。”五代王仁裕《开元天宝遗事》说：“七夕，宫中以锦结成楼殿，高百尺，上可以胜数十人，陈以瓜果酒炙，设坐具，以祀牛女二星，妃嫔各以九孔针五色线向月穿之，过者为得巧之侯。动清商之曲，宴乐达旦。土民之家皆效之。”元陶宗仪《元氏掖庭录》说：“九引台，七夕乞巧之所。至夕，宫女登台以五彩丝穿九尾针，先完者为得巧，迟完者谓之输巧，各出资以赠得巧者焉。”　　喜蛛应巧　　这也是较早的一种乞巧方式，其俗稍晚于穿针乞巧，大致起于南北朝之时。南朝梁宗懔《荆楚岁时记》说; “是夕，陈瓜果于庭中以乞巧。有喜子网于瓜上则以为符应。”　　五代王仁裕《开元天宝遗事》说：“七月七日，各捉蜘蛛于小盒中，至晓开;视蛛网稀密以为得巧之侯。密者言巧多，稀者言巧少。民间亦效之”宋朝孟元老《东京梦华录》说，七月七夕“以小蜘蛛安合子内，次日看之，若网圆正谓之得巧。”宋周密《乾淳岁时记》说;“以小蜘蛛贮合内，以候结网之疏密为得巧之多久”明田汝成《熙朝乐事》说，七夕“以小盒盛蜘蛛，次早观其结网疏密以为得巧多寡。”由此可见，历代验巧之法不同，南北朝视网之有无、唐视网之稀密，宋视网之圆正，后世多遵唐俗。　　投针验巧　　这是七夕穿针乞巧风俗的变体，源于穿针，又不同于穿针，是明清两代的盛行的七夕节俗。明刘侗、于奕正的《帝京景物略》说：“七月七日之午丢巧针。妇女曝盎水日中，顷之，水膜生面，绣针投之则浮，看水底针影。有成云物花头鸟兽影者，有成鞋及剪刀水茄影者，谓乞得巧;其影粗如锤、细如丝、直如轴蜡，此拙征矣。”《直隶志书》也说，良乡县(今北京西南)“七月七日，妇女乞巧，投针于水，借日影以验工拙，至夜仍乞巧于织女”请于敏中《日下旧闻考》引《宛署杂记》说：“燕都女子七月七日以碗水暴日下，各自投小针浮之水面，徐视水底日影。或散如花，动如云，细如线，粗租如锥，因以卜女之巧。”　　种生求子　　旧时习俗，在七夕前几天，先在小木板上敷一层土，播下粟米的种子，让它生出绿油油的嫩苗，再摆一些小茅屋、花木在上面，做成田舍人家小村落的模样，称为“壳板”，或将绿豆、小豆、小麦等浸于磁碗中，等它长出敷寸的芽，再以红、蓝丝绳扎成一束，称为“种生”，又叫“五生盆”或“生花盆”。南方各地也称为“泡巧”，将长出的豆芽称为巧芽，甚至以巧芽取代针，抛在水面乞巧。还用蜡塑各种形象，如牛郎、织女故事中的人物，或秃鹰、鸳鸯、等动物之形，放在水上浮游，称之为“水上浮”。又有蜡制的婴儿玩偶，让妇女买回家浮于水土，以为宜子之祥，称为“化生”。　　供奉“磨喝乐”　　磨喝乐是旧时民间七夕节的儿童玩物，即小泥偶，其形象多为传荷叶半臂衣裙，手持荷叶。每年七月七日，在开封的“潘楼街东宋门外瓦子、州西梁门外瓦子、北门外、南朱雀门外街及马行街内，皆卖磨喝乐，乃小塑土偶耳”。其实宋朝稍晚以后的磨喝乐，已不再是小土偶了，相反的，越作越精致。磨喝乐的大小、姿态不一，的高至三尺，与真的小孩于相上下。制作的材料则有以象牙雕镂或用龙延佛手香雕成的，磨喝乐的装扮，更是极尽精巧之能事，有以彩绘木雕为栏座，或用红砂碧笼当罩子，手中所持的玩具也多以金玉宝石来装饰，一对磨喝乐的造价往往高达数千钱。 缂丝七夕乞巧图轴　　拜织女　　“拜织女”纯是少女、少妇们的事。她们大都是预先和自己朋友或邻里们约好五六人，多至十来人，联合举办。举行的仪式，是于月光下摆一张桌子，桌子上置茶、酒、水果、五子(桂圆、红枣、榛子、花生，瓜子)等祭品;又有鲜花几朵，束红纸，插瓶子里，花前置一个小香炉。那么，约好参加拜织女的少妇、少女们，斋戒一天，沐浴停当，准时都到主办的家里来，于案前焚香礼拜后，大家一起围坐在桌前，一面吃花生，瓜子，一面朝着织女星座，默念自己的心事。如少女们希望长得漂亮或嫁个如意郎、少妇们希望早生贵子等，都可以向织女星默祷。玩到半夜始散。　　拜魁星　　俗传七月七日是魁星的生日。魁星文事，想求取功名的读书人特别崇敬魁星，所以一定在七夕这天祭拜，祈求他保佑自己考运亨通。魁星爷就是魁斗星，廿八宿中的奎星，为北斗七星的第一颗星，也魁星或魁首。古代士子中状元时称“大魁天下士”或“一举夺魁”，都是因为魁星主掌考运的缘故。　　根据民间传说，魁星爷生前长相奇丑，脸上长满斑点，又是个跛脚。有人便写了一首打油诗来取笑他：不扬何用饰铅华，纵使铅华也莫遮。娶得麻姑成两美，比来蜂室果无差。须眉以下鸿留爪，口鼻之旁雁踏沙。莫是檐前贪午睡，风吹额上落梅花。相君玉趾最离奇，一步高来一步低。款款行时身欲舞，飘飘度处乎如口。只缘世路皆倾险，累得芳踪尽侧奇。莫笑腰枝常半折，临时摇曳亦多姿。　　然而这位魁星爷志气奇高，发愤用功，竟然高中了。皇帝殿试时，问他何脸上全是斑点，他答道：“麻面满天星”;问他的脚为何跛了，他答道：“独脚跳龙门”。皇帝很满意，就录取了他。　　另一种完全不同的传说，说魁星爷生前虽然满腹学问，可惜每考必败，便悲愤得投河自杀了。岂料竟被鳖鱼救起，升天成了魁星。因为魁星能左右文人的考运，所以每逢七月七日他的生日，读书人都郑重的祭拜。　　QiQiao needle　　This is the earliest QiQiao mode, and later began in han deteriorates. The fissura miscellanea, said: "the Chinese female often in July 7 colour in seven holes, people look to needle with learning." By age LiangZongMou jingchu, said: "the July 7, Pennsylvania is somebody else women wear seven self-expanding floor with gold and silver, or stone for yourself." "And", said: "all topographic exerts on July 7th layer, city of more than GongRen, put a needle. The needle floor." The five WangRenYu YiShi tianbao kaiyuan Tanabata, "said: by jin palace building, forming a hundred yards, high house can be overcome with dozens of people, Chen, fruit wine, with ZuoJu char sacrificial cow female star in nine holes, concubines to wear colors on needle thread for ever, skillfully. Move the hou qing of song, pleasures of people working. Soil is of validity. The correlations TaoZongYi yuan YuanShi records of court said: "the nine lead, QiQiao Tanabata. And, with colorful silk wear lady-in-waiting debut at first, for after finish, who was later lost the contributive to exchange, each person should be."　　XiZhu should be perfect　　This is a QiQiao earlier, the common later in QiQiao needle, roughly in the southern. In LiangZong deloitte was alarmed by the age of chu said, "Is TingZhong in Pennsylvania, Chen melon QiQiao in hei subnet. In melon is thought operator shall."　　The five WangRenYu YiShi tianbao kaiyuan "said: July 7, the spider in a small box in catching, depending on the web to xiao, dilute the secret was thought. The more the loose talk, talk less." SongChaoMeng folk also effect the Tokyo records of wei menghua elder, "said little spider July seventh in the zygote, see, if the net is the circle skillfully." Song min-soon subtle and age, "said "Small spider storage and to wait for the density and net skillfully TianRuCheng" how "of the pleasures of city, said at a small box filled with Tanabata" spider, the "network density earlier." that was Therefore, the method of inspection, and different opportunely, miniaturization of the tang dynasty, miniaturization of thin, circular is miniaturization. Did much later tang　　Cast needle. Check　　This is the seventh QiQiao needle variants of customs, and different from needle, needle in the Ming and qing dynasties is the popular qixi. LiuDong Ming emperor, YuYi is the scenery of Beijing, said: "the lost 7 July afternoon. Women's aeration opportunely, worthy of the water, the water film pasta, embroidery needle shots at the bottom float, needle. Your heads of birds cloud content, your shoes and scissors, solanaceae water of Kilimanjaro; it refers to the nearest coarse and fine hammer of such as silk, such as axis, the wax on slow." The law also says ZhiShu zhili, liangxiang county (now Beijing southwest) ", July 7, QiQiao women, in water, borrow it needle with inspection work, to QiQiao night still in the fairy "please YuMinZhong has led the jasmine of news agency, said:" YanDou miscellanea, July 7 women with violence, and their respective bowls of water under the small needle shots, xu depending on the float. Or shadows underwater, cloud, and as such, coarse linen as cones, for rent to the woman."　　A child born　　The old custom, in a few days ago, the seventh in a small planks apply, sow the seeds of corn, let it gives the green seedling, put a small hut, flowers and trees in the above fields, make family small villages, called the "shell", or will mung bean, adzuki bean, wheat dip in magnetic bowl and apply bud, again with the red, blue wire rope a bundle, called "type", also called "five birth basin" or "life flowerpot". Across southern is also known as the "bubble", will grow opportunely opportunely, called the bean sprouts in bud bud needle or replace opportunely, in QiQiao surface. With wax model of image, such as cowboy, fairy tale characters, or the bald eagle, mandarin, etc, in the shape of animals, called "water water floating". And the baby dolls, wax make women buy home soil, the thought is in the son, called "im".　　"Drink" enshrined grinding　　The old folk music is grinding drink of children's toys, qixi, namely small clay accidentally image to preach the lotus, lotus dress with half an arm. Every year in July 7, "pan of kaifeng building street east song, west door watts beam, north door outside watts, rosefinch outside street and horse street, sold in grinding, but small plastic drink TuOu ear". In the late song dynasty after grinding, is no longer drink a little TuOu, instead, the more delicate as. The size of the music, drink grinding, the biggest different attitude to three feet high, and the child to in real. The materials are made by DiaoLou ivory carvings LongYan or use perfume, berganottin grinding of drink, but as the top, with delicate woodcarving, coloured drawing or pattern for the column with a red or green sand covered when, cage in the toy is more gold jewels adornment, a pair of grinding drink as cost of money. Provides the Tanabata QiQiao figure axis　　Worship vega　　"The fairy maiden" pure is the worship of the young woman,. They are mostly in advance and his friends and neighbors who are about six good, to 10 people, jointly. The ceremony was held in the moonlight bottom, a table, tea, wine, fruit for abital, longan, red jujube, (hazel, peanuts, melon seeds) offering; There are flowers and a few, red paper, insert the bottle, flower lead a small bowls. Then, a woman to worship the fairy, girls, fast, bath for one time to host the house, in AnQian for religious worship, sitting at the table, together eat peanuts, melon seeds, one side, silently towards vega their mind. Girls like to marry a pretty or young people hope, with precious, early to vega prayed. Play until midnight beginning.　　Worship kuixing　　On July 7th kuixing pass is vulgar. Wen, want to kuixing achievement for the reader, so certain special kuixing reverence for worship in his seventh day, his exam shipped to prosper. Bless Mai is chief dou kuixing star, 28, the KuiXing accommodation for the big dipper, also the first star kuixing or KuiShou. In ancient scholars said "scholar" or "corporal pq days did", because of the palm exam kuixing.　　According to the folk tale, kuixing ye were full face looks strange ugly, and a lame spots. Someone then wrote a limerick to make fun of him: what act the role ofing, raise even while also don't hide. Marry to MaGu into two beauty, no difference than bees room fruit. A man following claws, beside the muzzle on the sand. Mo's eaves, before the wind; napping foreheads fell plum. The prince is jade toe, step by step to high. Each body to dance, rather like the flowing in degrees. The road is only edge leans risks, and tired footsteps do side. MoXiao waist branches often half fold, temporary swaying also.　　However, the elder's ambition, kuixing assiduous study, unexpectedly high school. The emperor DianShi, ask him how he is all spots on baby pits replied: ";" Asked why he is lame foot, he replied: "only feet jump longmen". The emperor was very satisfied, they hired him.　　A completely different legends, though disgruntled kuixing ye said before, but not every exam, he threw himself to grief. Conclusion was rescued by heaven, became a turtle fish kuixing. Because the literati kuixing can control on July 7, so he's birthday, inparticular solemnly itself

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